Effects of acupuncture on the insulin signaling pathway and mitochondrial AMPK pathway in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic evaluation and meta-analysis

Table 5 Subgroup analysis of acupoint select

Outcomes	ST36			EX-B3			G1			G2			Total
	I²%	P	MD/SDM[95%CI]	I²%	P	MD/SDM[95%CI]	I²%	P	MD/SDM[95%CI]	I²%	P	MD/SDM[95%CI]	I²%	P	MD/SDM[95%CI]
TC	0	0.002	−0.22[−0.35,−0.08]	0	<0.00001	−0.74[−0.89,−0.59]	88	0.006	−0.83[−1.41,−0.24]				89	<0.00001	−0.58[−0.85,−0.31]
FBG change	12	<0.00001	−3.61[−5.02,−2.19]	46	<0.00001	−12.17[−14.02,−10.32]	0	<0.00001	−11.55[−14.39,−8.71]	94	<0.00001	−13.22[−13.85,−12.59]	92	<0.00001	−11.67[−12.21−11.13]
OGTT-AUC change	0	0.18	−1.86[−4.61,0.88]	77	0.0001	−19.22[−29.15,−9.3]	0	0.05	−5.28[−10.48,−0.08]				90	0.003	−8.02[−14.84,−1.21]
ISI							89	0.31	0.33[−0.31,0.98]	0	0	1.27[1.19,1.35]	100	0.005	0.67[−0.31,1.65]
INS	0	<0.00001	−2.85[−3.48,−2.21]	0	0.00002	−1.51[−2.2,−0.81]	70	<0.00001	−3.72[−4.31,−3.12]				78	<0.0001	−2.81 [−3.17,−2.44]
IRS-1 895	0	0.26	0.74[−0.55,2.03]				91	0.04	1.5[0.1,2.89]				82	0.44	1.29[0.281,2.30]
IRS-1 mRNA	0	0.002	1.07[0.39,1.75]	0	0.00001	1.02[0.57,1.47]				0	0.04	0.44[0.02,0.86]	53		0.77[−0.49,1.05]
p-IRS-1	85	0.3	−0.43[−1.26,0.39]	0	<0.00001	−1.94[−2.47,−1.41]							96	0.003	−0.96[−2.20,0.28]
PI3K p85							83	<0.00001	0.33[0.19,0.46]	74	<0.00001	0.21[0.15,0.27]	80	0.13	−0.25[0.19,0.31]

Group 1, including EX-B3, ST36, SP6, BL20; Group 2, including LI11, LI14, SP6, SP8, SP9, SP10, ST36, ST40, LR3, CV12

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